Alcohol dependence, popularly known as alcoholism, is a psychiatric diagnosis describing a physical dependence on alcohol. Trailing only smoking and overeating, it is the third leading preventable cause of death. Wikipedia
Several SNPs have been implicated in the tendency towards and/or the treatment of alcoholism, including:
- 29 variants were identified in a large (>435,000 Europeans) GWAS study. Effect overall was relatively small.[PMID 32451486]
- rs1799971 influences the strength of alcohol cravings in at least some studies, and also predicts the efficacy of treatment of alcoholism with the drug naltrexone
- rs1076560 as a potentially important variable in the development of alcoholism [PMID 17196743]
- GABRA2 polymorphisms and risk for alcohol dependence. [PMID 17207817]
- Two SNPs, rs27072 and rs27048, tag 2 haplotypes that are associated with more severe symptoms (such as seizures) upon alcohol withdrawal in alcohol-dependent patients. [PMID 18070248]
- rs1042173 in the SLC6A4 gene predicts heavier drinking among Caucasian alcoholics.
- Two SNPs in the growth hormone secretagogue receptor GHSR gene, rs2232165 and rs2948694, have been linked to heavy alcohol consumption in a study of 417 Spanish adults.10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00793.x
However, note also that a large meta-analysis found no significant associations for SNPs in six genes (BDNF, DRD1, DRD3, DRD4, GRIN2B and MAOA).[PMID 25660313]
blog human and rat models of alcoholism
- rs7590720(G)
- rs1344694(T)
- rs1614972(C)
- rs13273672(C)
- rs11640875(A)
