rs2279744
| Associated with number of cancers and cancer prognosis |
| Orientation | plus |
| Stabilized | plus |
| Geno | Mag | Summary |
|---|---|---|
| (G;G) | 2.1 | Generally more cancer prone |
| (G;T) | 2 | Slightly more cancer prone; common |
| (T;T) | 0 | normal |
| Reference | GRCh38 38.1/141 |
| Chromosome | 12 |
| Position | 68808800 |
| Gene | MDM2 |
| is a | snp |
| is | mentioned by |
| dbSNP | rs2279744 |
| dbSNP (classic) | rs2279744 |
| ClinGen | rs2279744 |
| ebi | rs2279744 |
| HLI | rs2279744 |
| Exac | rs2279744 |
| Gnomad | rs2279744 |
| Varsome | rs2279744 |
| LitVar | rs2279744 |
| Map | rs2279744 |
| PheGenI | rs2279744 |
| Biobank | rs2279744 |
| 1000 genomes | rs2279744 |
| hgdp | rs2279744 |
| ensembl | rs2279744 |
| geneview | rs2279744 |
| scholar | rs2279744 |
| rs2279744 | |
| pharmgkb | rs2279744 |
| gwascentral | rs2279744 |
| openSNP | rs2279744 |
| 23andMe | rs2279744 |
| SNPshot | rs2279744 |
| SNPdbe | rs2279744 |
| MSV3d | rs2279744 |
| GWAS Ctlg | rs2279744 |
| GMAF | 0.3691 |
| Max Magnitude | 2.1 |
rs2279744, a variant in the promoter of the MDM2 gene and also known as "-410T-G", "SNP309", and "SNP309T>G", has been studied for several years to determine it's role in cancer origin and treatment. The interest primarily stems from the ability of the MDM2 protein to bind to and thereby enhance the degradation of the tumor suppressor protein known as p53. Studies on rs2279744 include:
- rs2279744(G) carriers in individuals with cancer tend to develop such cancers on average 12 years earlier than those lacking this allele, and the frequency of rs2279744(G) was greatly increased in those who developed soft tissue sarcomas at a young age. [PMID 15550242]
- Individuals with one or more rs2279744(G) alleles who are also carriers of the TP53 rs1042522(C) (arg at aa72) SNP tend to develop cancers earlier than rs2279744(T;T) homozygotes who carry the same p53 SNP. [PMID 16258005
]
- rs2279744(T;T) individuals who have a mutant p53 (in their tumors) are at an increased risk of death (risk ratio [RR] of death = 2.33, 95% CI = 1.08 to 5.03). Tumor p53 status was not associated with breast cancer survival among rs2279744(G;T) or rs2279744(G;G) genotypes. [PMID 16818855]
- rs2279744 showed no association with nonsmall cell lung cancer risk in a study of 1,787 Caucasian patients. However, a possible association between nonsmoking (G;G) homozygotes and a higher risk of nonsmall cell lung cancer was reported.[PMID 17957785]
- A study in Chinese leukemia patients found that the rs2279744(G) allele was unexpectedly associated with reduced risk.[PMID 18313915]
- Another study concludes that this SNP on its own has little or no effect on the risk of common cancers, but it might modify the time of tumor onset and prognosis. [PMID 17827408]
- rs2279744(G;G) females are at a 2.76x increased risk (CI: 1.06-7.20, p=0.03) for endometrial cancer compared to (G;T) or (T;T) genotypes based on a study of 73 patients and matched controls.[PMID 17123590]
- A study of 148 individuals with advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) undergoing first-line chemotherapy, such as the irinotecan plus cisplatin regimen, concluded after multivariate analysis that the rs2279744(T;T) genotype was independently predictive for longer survival (HR = 1.742, p = .032).[PMID 18618574]
- The rs2279744(G;G) genotype was associated with high grade breast cancer tumors (with an odds ratio of 1.64, CI:1.06-2.53, p=0.025) and greater nodal involvement (OR=2.51, CI:1.26-4.98, p=0.009), but was not associated with an earlier age of cancer diagnosis or even risk of breast cancer, in a study of ~300 Scottish Caucasian patients.[PMID 18828900]
- Around 300 cases each of melanoma, basal cell carcinoma, and squamous cell carcinoma were studied relative to this SNP. No significant associations were found between rs2279744 and any of these three types of skin cancer. However, compared with the (T;T) genotype, the adjusted odds ratios of having moles on the arms for (G;T) and (G;G) genotypes was 0.92 (CI: 0.78-1.08) and 0.68 (CI: 0.53-0.87), respectively (p, trend, 0.005).[PMID 18814047]
- rs2279744(G;G) women are diagnosed with melanoma 13 years earlier than women who carry one or no G alleles. Note that this SNP does not cause higher risk of melanoma; it affects only the age at diagnosis of melanoma in women and has no effect in men, as reported in the 23andMe blog 23andMe blog.
- Odds ratio for (G;G) 3x, for (G;T) 2x, for breast cancer in a study of 124 Taiwanese patients, along with a correlation towards earlier occurence.[PMID 19144119]
- rs117039649, also known as SNP285C, a second MDM2 SNP found on the SNP305G allele (and only in Caucasians), reduces the risk of both ovarian and breast cancer among SNP309G holders (odds ratio 0.74 and 0.79, respectively), compared to SNP309G holders lacking this (second) SNP.[PMID 21316605]
23andMe blog rs2279744(G) has been associated with earlier onset for some cancers, including soft tissue sarcoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, colorectal cancer, ovarian cancer and non-small cell lung cancer in women, and decreased survival in people with stomach and kidney cancer. But there is evidence for improved survival in women with ovarian cancer who have the G version of this SNP. Paradoxically, higher levels of the MDM2 protein (as would be expected with the G version of SNP rs2279744 shown to lead to earlier melanoma onset in the current study) have been associated with improved survival for melanoma.
- rs2279744 is not associated with SLE in a study of Caucasians, African-Americans, and Asian children and adults.[PMID 19074170]
- [PMID 19193430] rs2279744, rs1042522, rs17878362 and rs1625895 associated with high grade endometrial cancer
[PMID 19521721
] Accelerated decline in lung function in cigarette smokers is associated with TP53/MDM2 polymorphisms
[PMID 19707196] The TP53 Arg72Pro and MDM2 309G>T polymorphisms are not associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers
[PMID 19751436] Interaction of Helicobacter pylori with Genetic Variants in the MDM2 Promoter, is Associated with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility in Chinese Patients
[PMID 19837266] TP53 R72P and MDM2 SNP309 polymorphisms in modification of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia susceptibility
[PMID 20447891] MDM2 promoter polymorphism is associated with increased susceptibility to hepatocellular carcinoma in Turkish population
[PMID 20736372] Human Papillomavirus Seropositivity Synergizes with MDM2 Variants to Increase the Risk of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
[PMID 21051655] MDM2 as a Modifier Gene in Retinoblastoma
[PMID 20587610] Examination of genetic polymorphisms in newborns for signatures of sex-specific prenatal selection
[PMID 21843334] TP53 and MDM2 gene polymorphisms and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Italian patients
[PMID 22251423] NAMPT (visfatin) and AKT1 genetic variants associate with myocardial infarction
[PMID 22558411] MDM2 Promoter SNP344T>A (rs1196333) Status Does Not Affect Cancer Risk
[PMID 16287156] Genetic polymorphisms in cell cycle regulatory genes MDM2 and TP53 are associated with susceptibility to lung cancer.
[PMID 17360557] Haplotype structure and selection of the MDM2 oncogene in humans.
[PMID 17537232] Association of TP53 codon 72 polymorphism and the outcome of adjuvant therapy in breast cancer patients.
[PMID 17634539] MDM2 SNP309 polymorphism as risk factor for susceptibility and poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma.
[PMID 18332046] A distinct ERCC1 haplotype is associated with mRNA expression levels in prostate cancer patients.
[PMID 18433484] Early onset lung cancer, cigarette smoking and the SNP309 of the murine double minute-2 (MDM2) gene.
[PMID 18433491] MDM2 gene SNP309 T/G and p53 gene SNP72 G/C do not influence diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma onset or survival in central European Caucasians.
[PMID 18798306] Construction of a high resolution linkage disequilibrium map to evaluate common genetic variation in TP53 and neural tube defect risk in an Irish population.
[PMID 19237173] Bcl2 -938C/A polymorphism carries increased risk of biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy.
[PMID 19470478] Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the p53 pathway regulate fertility in humans.
[PMID 19497887] Altered tumor formation and evolutionary selection of genetic variants in the human MDM4 oncogene.
[PMID 19542078] TP53 PIN3 and MDM2 SNP309 polymorphisms as genetic modifiers in the Li-Fraumeni syndrome: impact on age at first diagnosis.
[PMID 20452958] Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the p53 signaling pathway.
[PMID 20617153] Detection of fetomaternal genotype associations in early-onset disorders: evaluation of different methods and their application to childhood leukemia.
[PMID 20922573] Functional polymorphisms associated with disease-free survival in resected carcinoma of the esophagus.
[PMID 20979563] MDM2 and CDKN1A gene polymorphisms and risk of Kaposi's sarcoma in African and Caucasian patients.
[PMID 21240526] Evaluation of the association studies of single nucleotide polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma: a systematic review.
[PMID 21268124] MDM2 SNP309 contributes to non-small cell lung cancer survival in Chinese.
[PMID 21305319] Joint effects of germ-line TP53 mutation, MDM2 SNP309, and gender on cancer risk in family studies of Li-Fraumeni syndrome.
[PMID 21437228] Using epidemiology and genomics to understand osteosarcoma etiology.
[PMID 21841506] Combined effect of genetic polymorphisms in P53, P73, and MDM2 on non-small cell lung cancer survival.
[PMID 22004425] Genetic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C virus: a case control study.
[PMID 22180099] Influence of MDM2 and MDM4 on development and survival in hereditary retinoblastoma.
[PMID 23210739] Association of MDM2 and p53 Polymorphisms with the Advancement of Cervical Carcinoma
[PMID 23451111] MDM2 SNP309 rs2279744 Polymorphism and Gastric Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis
[PMID 24175836] P53 Arg72Pro and MDM2 SNP309 Polymorphisms Cooperate to Increase Lung Adenocarcinoma Risk in Chinese Female Non-smokers: A Case Control Study
[PMID 24324286] Investigation of genetic polymorphisms related to the outcome of radiotherapy for prostate cancer patients
[PMID 24349246] The T309G MDM2 Gene Polymorphism Is a Novel Risk Factor for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy
[PMID 24427778] ESR1 rs9340799 is associated with endometriosis-related infertility and in vitro fertilization failure
[PMID 23218882] Significance of MDM2 and P14 ARF polymorphisms in susceptibility to differentiated thyroid carcinoma.
[PMID 23423487] Effect of TP53 codon 72 and MDM2 SNP309 polymorphisms on survival of gastric cancer among patients who receiving 5-fluorouracil-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy.
[PMID 24792886] Common variant on MDM2 contributes to endometrial cancer susceptibility: evidence based on 7 studies
[PMID 25054017] Single-nucleotide polymorphism (c.309T>G) in the MDM2 gene and lung cancer risk
[PMID 25218545] Interaction between TP63 and MDM2 genes and the risk of recurrent pregnancy loss
[PMID 25479941] Genetic association of single nucleotide polymorphisms in P53 pathway with gastric cancer risk in a Chinese Han population
| ClinVar | |
|---|---|
| Risk | Rs2279744(G;G) |
| Alt | Rs2279744(G;G) |
| Reference | Rs2279744(T;T) |
| Significance | Other |
| Disease | Accelerated tumor formation |
| Variation | info |
| Gene | MDM2 |
| CLNDBN | Accelerated tumor formation, susceptibility to |
| Reversed | 0 |
| HGVS | NC_000012.11:g.69202580T>G |
| CLNSRC | OMIM Allelic Variant |
| CLNACC | RCV000014918.4, |
[PMID 25734904] Impact of TP53 Codon 72 and MDM2 SNP 309 Polymorphisms in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma
[PMID 26135929] A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Three Gene Variants Association with Risk of Prostate Cancer: An Update
[PMID 26224627] Murine Double-Minute 2 Homolog Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms 285 and 309 in Cervical Carcinogenesis
[PMID 26373042] Polymorphisms in NEIL-2, APE-1, CYP2E1 and MDM2 Genes are Independent Predictors of Gastric Cancer Risk in a Northern Jiangsu Population (China)
[PMID 26471763] MDM4 SNP34091 (rs4245739) and its effect on breast-, colon-, lung-, and prostate cancer risk
[PMID 25316267] TP53 and MDM2 polymorphisms and the risk of endometrial cancer in postmenopausal women
[PMID 27228500] Prognostic potential of the MDM2 309T>G polymorphism in stage I lung adenocarcinoma.
[PMID 27330794] Association of MDM2 promoter T309G polymorphism with oral cancer risk: A meta-analysis of 3,536 subjects.
[PMID 27624283] MDM2 promoter SNP55 (rs2870820) affects risk of colon cancer but not breast-, lung-, or prostate cancer.
[PMID 27785069] Influence of MDM2 polymorphisms on squamous cell carcinoma susceptibility: a meta-analysis.
[PMID 28083704] MDM2 gene polymorphisms and risk of classic Kaposi's sarcoma among Iranian patients.
[PMID 28351583] Candidate apoptotic and DNA repair gene approach confirms involvement of ERCC1, ERCC5, TP53 and MDM2 in radiation-induced toxicity in head and neck cancer.
[PMID 28467961] Detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility with single nucleotide polymorphism analysis using next-generation sequencing technology.
[PMID 28756477] p53 signaling pathway polymorphisms, cancer risk and tumor phenotype in TP53 R337H mutation carriers.
[PMID 28881764] Detection of nasopharyngeal carcinoma susceptibility with single nucleotide polymorphism analysis using next-generation sequencing technology.
[PMID 30861607] MDM2 and its functional polymorphism SNP309 contribute to the development of esophageal carcinoma.
[PMID 31326197] Association of MDM2 gene SNP 309 polymorphism and human non-small cell lung cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis.
[PMID 32066633] Association between genetic polymorphisms and endometrial cancer risk: a systematic review.
[PMID 32392664] A cohort study on the association of MDM2 SNP309 with lung cancer risk in Bangladeshi population.
